heatpipes haven't run out of steam
Originally posted by rotorblade
My response was to AidenShaw's comment regarding pump size. I was only commenting that pump size is not the real issue in trying to use cooligy type technology to cool the processor in a laptop. Airflow is.
Radiator size and airflow are the same issue for both heatpipe and Cooligy fluid cooling. (Let's ignore HSF in a laptop, since it appears that just about everyone is using heatpipes today.)
If you look at the Dell Latitude D600 heat assembly (below), this is handled by placing a fan that inhales from the side and bottom of the laptop, and blows out an opening in the back. The radiator sits between the fan and the opening, so that most of the airflow from the fan goes directly over the CPU radiator fins. A pair of heatpipes conduct the heat from the nearby CPU to the radiator.
(In the diagram, you can see the open space between the fan and the louvers in the rear of the case - the radiator drops into that space.)
The AMD64 laptop cooler (below) is even more tightly coupled, with the blower attached to the radiator - but then it has to cool an 80 watt chip rather than a Pentium M (Centrino).
So, it seems the issues are:
Heatpipe advantages:
- passive, nothing to fail and no connections to leak
- reasonable efficiency
- proven over many years in millions of systems
Heatpipe disadvantages:
- radiator should be close to evaporator, restricts design choices
Cooligy advantages:
- higher efficiency, especially at the contact point with the CPU
- radiator and CPU can be separated by arbitrary distances
Cooligy disadvantages:
- the physical bulk of the pump and tubing
- active components add failure possibilities, tubing can leak
- untried new technology
- pump draws battery power
IMO, I'd be surprised to see Cooligy being used in a laptop - especially in an Apple laptop.
Perhaps it would be good for one of the "desktop replacements" which are already bulky and which use a 50watt to 80watt (or more) chip. Piping that heat to a bulky radiator/fan assembly could be good.
For the design goals for Apple (and mainstream PC portables), you're looking at a situation where battery life is going to dictate CPU power in the 10 watt to 20 watt range. Apple isn't going to put an 80watt chip in a Powerbook.
The goal to make the laptop small and thin is also going to argue against unnecessary bulk. Unless Apple decides to introduce big, hot "desktop replacement" systems - small and simple is an advantage.
Heatpipes are proven effective at cooling chips in laptops today - there doesn't seem to be an overwhelming need to change technologies.
Dell Centrino heat assembly (Latitude D600):
AMD64 heatpipe cooler (80 watt):
http://www.ixbt-labs.com/articles2/amd-athlon64-m/index.html (about the middle of the page)