Considering 4K is 2160 lines or so, halving that with scaled resolutions would see a real estate reduction from 1440 to 1080, so a considerable reduction. To achieve the same doubling that the rMBPs and iOS devices have seen would require 2880 lines, far higher than 4K.
There are four options:
1. Scale a 4K monitor with two pixels into one, as done in the rMBP and iOS devices. This leaves an effective resolution of 1080, far lower than 1440
2. Scale a 4K monitor at an odd fraction, from 2160 to 1440 effective pixels. This can be less sharp than scaling by a factor of two. (personally, I can barely see any difference in sharpness between the various scaled resolutions of my rMBP)
3. Double the screen resolution to 2880 lines. Not practical in terms of current graphics card performance.
4. Something else Apple has up their sleeves.