Sorry. Wasn't stolen. Apple PAID (in Stock) for the the Xerox tech they used,
That tale is apparently a typical internet mashup of events.
Many Silicon Valley companies were offered pre-IPO stock options. Xerox Development Corporation (XDC)... an angel investor... was one of them. However, even when sued, Apple never claimed that they got a license from Xerox PARC in return for it.
More importantly, Xerox certainly didn't think there was any such license. As noted in a 1989 NY Times
article when Xerox later sued Apple for IP theft:
"Xerox's suit, which was filed in Federal District Court, charges Apple with copyright misrepresentation and seeks more than $150 million in royalties and damages.
"Xerox contends that the Lisa and Macintosh software stems from work originally done by Xerox scientists and that it was used by Apple without permission."
then (significantly!) improved upon it.
This is true. With some caveats. Certainly its initial lack of color and/or multitasking support allowed other GUI machines to grab much of the market.
Curiously enough, your own screenshots prominently displays one of those significant improvements: Overlapping Windows. The Alto had no such thing (later, they actually stole that from Apple).
No, sorry, that's another commonly repeated myth. Tracing its origin, I think it might've started with Arstechnica's 2005 GUI history article
which said this:
"
One critical advance from the Lisa team came from an Apple engineer who was not a former PARC employee, but had seen the demonstration of Smalltalk. He thought he had witnessed the Alto's ability to redraw portions of obscured windows when a topmost window was moved: this was called "regions". In fact, the Alto did not have this ability, but merely redrew the entire window when the user selected it. Despite the difficulty of this task, regions were implemented in the Lisa architecture and remain in GUIs to this day." -Ars
A lot of people have misread that paragraph, thinking it meant Xerox didn't have overlapping windows at all. On the contrary, it means that the Apple engineer saw how fast the overlapping Xerox windows were, and assumed it must be using some kind of optimization.
As noted above, the system that Apple saw at Xerox in 1979, Smalltalk, had overlapping windows. Alan Kay even wrote a history where
he notes that he came up with the idea of them for the 1972 version, years before Apple even existed:
"Development of the Smalltalk-72 System and Applications
...
Overlapping windows were the first project tackled ..."
- Kay
In fact, by 1981, years before the Lisa and Mac came out, overlapping windows were well known enough to be pointed out in major computer magazines.
The reason why Xerox had set some systems to default to a non-overlapping desktop layout, was because user testing showed that most people arranged their windows to NOT overlap.
I'm glad you posted what you did though. Always an opportunity for more people to learn some
actual GUI history, instead of the fanboy myths which started much later on.