Ars Technica has an excellent article on what made this technically possible, if anyone is interested.
Google’s Pixel 10 works with AirDrop, and other phones should follow later.
arstechnica.com
Thanks. Anyone here should read that article before posting anything.
The way I understand it:
EU made this possible. Apple updated their protocol to use the more open Wi-Fi Aware standard, mandated by EU.
Google reverse engineered the protocol as best they could - they did not “hack” anything. It is not similar to the Beeper situation.
It only works with a specific setting on the iPhone side, so support is limited
It only works on Pixel phones, even if other phones have Wi-Fi Aware and the latest Android version, it doesn’t work.
Google went out of their way to point out that they implemented it in a safe way.
That last part is important to me, in several ways. It implies that to be safe, this solution had to be implemented in a specific way by Google. If others follow, it may not be as safe. This is key, because Apple may be in trouble if they allow Google to do it, but not i.e. Samsung. However, whether they can do something about it depends on whether they can do it inside the EU mandate.
It also highlights one of the major downsides of the Android ecosystem vs iOS. Android is not just Android. When you buy the lates Pixel and your wife buys the latest Samsung, you don’t have the same featureset.