Sheesh, like almost all personal finance discussions on the Internet, this one is full of falsehoods.
First of all, Apple is not the one running the credit check. It is
Goldman Sachs, the Apple Card issuing bank. They are the ones lending you the money (i.e. extending a credit line), they are the ones you agree to accept the cardholder terms of use, they are the ones who will come after you if you do not fulfill your obligations as a borrower. Not Apple. And Apple makes this damned clear in a support document:
Learn about the key criteria used to determine whether your Apple Card application is approved or declined.
support.apple.com
VantageScore and FICO scores are similar but two different formulas that are used by the three primary credit reporting agencies that are used to generate the FICO score.
The Apple Card approval process uses the VantageScore rating from TransUnion. I believe it's VantageScore 4.0. Yes, that implies there are other VantageScore types and GS is using one specific measurement as part of its overall assessment of creditworthiness. The VantageScore number is not the sole determinant.
FICO is not used in the Apple Card credit approval process. FICO is a proprietary product/formula exclusively from the Fair Isaac Corporation. Note that there are different FICO scores based on industry (an auto loan is viewed differently than a consumer credit card).