WOW, I just discovered that a TON of my archived email had VANISHED within Mavericks' Mail app. As mentioned earlier, I didn't install Mavericks until 10.9.3 was released. Mail had been lethargic since then. About an hour ago, I started poking around in some of my archived mailboxes (I've got several dozen of them) and, while I could see the headers in those mailboxes, all of the emails in them were BLANK. Completely blank, no To field, no subject field and no body. WTF?!
The first thing I tried to do was rebuild the mailboxes. MISTAKE. That made the entire mailbox disappear (all the ones that I tried to rebuild).
A little web research revealed that I needed to go into ~/Library/Mail/V2/MailData/ and delete all files that started with "Envelope Index" and then restart Mail. I did that and Mail acted as if I was using it for the first time and said it would import the mailboxes. In the process, it said there was about 35,000 emails to import. When it was finished, a bunch of my mailboxes were still missing but at least the archived ones that remained had mail in them that I could actually open (they didn't open as blank).
I turned to the backup I made on Friday before installing Mavericks. I copied over the backup's Mail folder (~/Library/) and replaced the one on my boot drive with the backup. I again deleted the "Envelope Index" files, rebooted the computer, and ran Mail again. This time during the import process Mail said it was importing about 75,000 emails! Much better! And, sure enough, when I ran Mail, all of my original archived mailboxes are back AND I can actually open and read the mail that's in them.
So, in a nutshell, installing Mavericks (and my subsequent attempts to rebuild my Mailboxes) resulted in about 40,000 emails getting lost! If not for my good backup practices, they would have been gone for good!
The web (particularly Apple's support forums) are FILLED with stories similar to mine. How on earth could this kind of crap happen?! I avoided Mavericks for MONTHS because of all of the reported problems with Mail. I figured by 10.9.3 Apple would have worked out the bugs. Boy, was I wrong.
I'm going to be keeping a close eye on how Mail works for the next couple of days. If I see the slightest bit of continued problems, I am going to dump Mavericks and do a restore from my SuperDuper backup of Mountain Lion.
And, BTW, the reimport of my many mailboxes seems to have fixed the lethargic performance of Mavericks Mail. At least there's that!
Mark