When people say Apple is transitioning from a product company to a services company what the heck does that mean? Why are products only defined as hardware? Is Apple Music not a product? Stupid.
It’s really because people are using a non-specific term, product. Like you say, they’re all products, in the general sense that they’re sold and they generate revenue.
But it’s more correctly stated that Apple is transitioning from a hardware company to a services company. The dividing line is really tangible product vs. intangible product.
Tangible: hardware/accessories. Mac, iPad, iPhone, Watch, AirPod, HomePod, AppleTV 1080/4K, iPod, mice, keyboards, cables, adapters, watch bands, etc.
Whereas intangible: software/services. software (e.g. Final Cut, Logic Pro), Apple Music, iTunes, AppleCare, iCloud storage, App Store, App Store search ads, Apple Pay, Google’s payment for default search, and of course the four new services: Apple News+, TV+, Arcade and Apple Card. (It’s not quite that black and white; a portion of device revenue is amortized and booked to software/services to account for the value of bundled items like the OS, warranty service and the free iCloud tier).
Services had over twice the gross profit margin as hardware this quarter, 63.8% vs. 31.2% for hardware. So even though services were only 20% of the revenue, they generated roughly 33% of profits. It doesn’t sound that different but it’s huge. Hardware sales were about $46 billion, and contributed $14 billion in gross profit. Services revenue was only about $11 billion, but they contributed about $7 billion in gross profit.
Which is exactly why it’s so important (and meaningful) for Apple to grow services. I’m not sure services will ever be a larger revenue source than hardware, but if the services margin stays at twice the hardware margin, services will be generating half of all profits when it reaches 33% of revenue.
Eventually Apple will be able to actually lower prices on hardware and take a smaller gross margin, knowing they’ll make it up on the services side. They could even provide free hardware with certain subscriptions, for instance free AppleTV HD/4K with a TV+ Channels subscription, or free HomePod with an Apple Music subscription. (How would Spotify compete with that, give away a free Sonos like they do Hulu? I don’t think so, that would bankrupt them.)