There's a significant delta between a battered school-issued Chromebook and a MacBook Pro / M1 Air. If video call quality is the primary concern, a $280 HP x360 14c would
likely have sufficed.
Edit: Or an OLED Duet 5 if seeing the teacher is the primary concern. I don't think it's debatable whether you're getting more for your money with a Chromebook versus a laptop with a standard OS, like-for-like - particularly as most MacBooks barring the most recent examples were known to have mediocre webcams.