The mere fact that Samsung is putting better technology in to customers' hands for cheaper is changing the world.
Microsoft put technology into customers' hands for cheaper than the Mac. Did that change the world? Yes. Is all change good? No. Plastic bags changed the world too...there's a plastic island the size of Texas in the Pacific Ocean now. Microsoft put an inferior user experience, Windows, into the hands of anyone and everyone. Android is Microsoft redux. Don't get me wrong, I think it's good that everyone has access to technology, at a low cost, but making the best experience possible for the majority of people is I think Apple's desire. But cost often wins in people's minds over what's right, whether that be PCs, phones, or grocery bags.
Apple tried that Microsoft/Android strategy in the 90s, licensing out the MacOS to third-party computer manufacturers, and it just about destroyed the company. Apple is an integrated systems company, not a hardware company or a software company, and to thrive they have to continue down that path.
If Apple was to make hardware they could sell at prices competitive to cheap Android devices, would their vision still be intact? That vision of having the best holistic user experience for customers? I don't think so. They don't want to make a phone that compromises the brand or the vision that brand represents.
I don't expect Apple to come up with the cheapest smartphone, but they can afford to lower their margins and hence prices. If they made the 5C $100 cheaper, some Chinese company may well come along and produce a cheaper clone, but that doesn't matter.
So you have internal figures on how Apple allocates their money? How do you know Apple can afford to lower margins? Between R&D costs, paying their employees well, investing in expansion, greening their facilities, buying companies, giving away software for free, improving data services, you can sit there and say their margins are too high?
Let's not forget that Android device manufacturers get their software for just about free, aside from any tweaks they do. They don't have to worry about running an app store, or data services like Maps. Their overhead costs are much lower.