I am 99% sure the barometer was not used for anything. Indeed, other than a weather enthusiast app, I don't see any use for it. Then again, it's not like the iPhone has a wind-speed sensor either...
- Counting steps on stairs and floors is done using the accelerometer. By integrating or taking the derivative of the acceleration vectors over time, one can calculate position and speed.
- Elevation on the ground is built-in to the GPS data. Indeed without it GPS would not work at all. Also, take a look at the raw GPS data output by your iPhone 6 or 6S if you ever get a chance. It is quite inaccurate; fluctuates 10-20 feet in all directions all the time. It only becomes accurate if lots of measurements are averaged, your directional vector is calculated, and this is analyzed in the context of a map where your position can be snapped to a known street or trail. You need a much larger antenna and very good signal to as many satellites as possible to get a better measurement.
- Barometric pressure is a very bad way to measure small changes in elevation (such as inside buildings). For example, going from sea-level to 25ft above sealevel results in a change of .08inHg, or approx 1millibar, which is less than natural fluctuations in pressure, which can be as much as 10millibars or .3inNg per hour. Meaning, the pressure change from climbing some stairs is pretty much indistinguishable to the sensor from the changes that just occur when you stand in one place, indeed, it's probably just noise to the sensor.
- The barometer is not helpful to your running / hiking / trail running / biking / skiing / whatever apps.