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You can dream, but the laws of physics are unpleasantly difficult to ignore.

Starlink requires clear line-of-sight between the antenna and the satellite. The antenna is a relatively large phased array antenna (active aperture ~0.5 m) and narrow beam (~3°). Anything smaller or with wider beam, and the link budget is gone. The link budget is largely limited by laws of physics (distance, beam width, atmospheric absorption) and there is not much extra tolerance (it is not needed in this application, and any added tolerance would require a larger antenna).

No, mobile phones are not going to communicate with Starlink satellites. Yes, satellite phones do exist, but the data transfer rate is on kbit/s range. The most important metric in measuring the efficiency of any radio system is energy per bit transferred (J/bit). For example, an Iridium satellite phone uses approximately 0.25 mJ/bit (0.6 W for 2400 bit/s). For a 100 Mbit/s connection the transmission power would be 25 kW...
Thanks for the technical breakdown. Hopefully we see some innovation in this space and future tech is able to overcome the above listed roadblocks

Too verbose/difficult for most, a simple "dream on" Or "Laws of physics" reply would have sufficed. I though liked your post, interesting stuff.
Some of us enjoy intelligent responses that contribute to the conversation, and educate those of us uninformed on complex issues as these.
 
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So there is no way that Apple could find some way of designing their own 5g chip that doesn’t infringe on Qualcomm’s patents whatsoever?

Yes, once all the patents are expired in 20 years time. Qualcomm made the "huge" and continuous investment and R&D on 5G ( as with many other companies ), You might disagree on what they are charging, but surely they deserve something.

But then vast majority of MR thinks they are patent trolls.
 
Why couldn’t Intel hack it? And why is Qualcomm so much better? Is modem engineering much more complex than people realize?
It's not difficult but it is ridden with broad patents that blocks you from even getting started.

If boiling water is patented, how do you invent new ways to make tea?
 
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Below is the pie chart of 5G patents. Intel and Apple are among "Others". They got granted a total of 65 patents.
Even if they are allowed to use Qualcomm's patents, they still have to make license deals with the other major patent holders or come up with equal amounts of new patents of their own to leverage the cost.
View attachment 1772493

A lot of these patents aren't in the modems, but in the tower systems to deliver it. Nokia and Huawei, as examples, are the biggest providers for the tower hardware, with Ericsson behind them.

The only one that really stands out there is Samsung, who does have their own modems... but they rely on Qualcomm patents so much that their rollout of their own chips is the minority of their deliveries and only in select countries. It's cheaper for them to use the entire Snapdragon SOC for the vast majority of devices.
 
In my experience the transmission equipment your network uses would dictate whether you’ll have a good experience with the Intel modem or not.

The network provider I use o2 uses Ericsson transmitters which I found out when an elapsed security certificate caused all the Ericsson based networks around the world to fail and o2 was one of them.

On o2 Intel based iPhones have suffered with poor/erratic performance, usually a case of the phone indicating you having 4G(LTE) service but then having completely frozen or very slow data rates until airplane mode is toggled. I had this on an X/XR/11 whereas my Qualcomm based 12 has been far more consistent only having this issue twice in 2 weeks rather than multiple times a day, and it is able to hold on to a signal for longer and get much faster data speeds too.

That being said I stuck my works EE SIM card in my XR when iOS 13 was released to test it as at the time there was a bug in iOS13 that caused issues with the XR on the O2 network which wasn’t fixed for months. On the EE network not only was the XR more reliable it was blazing fast too, at one time I accidentally obliterated my monthly data allowance in one speed test as it pulled down 350Mb on LTE, by contrast I’ve still not seen this again on O2 with 5G. EE I believe used Huawei equipment prior to the ban.

So as an O2 customer my experience with Intel modems has been poor, and I am a little worried about Apple developing their own modems based off the Intel acquisition, but I hold out hope they can make them as good as their Arm processors which are class leading. If they can make them as reliable as the Qualcomm one in my 12 I’d call that a win.
You're reading too much into this, o2 always have and always will be pants as a network, that's the explanation.:rolleyes:
 
In other news Qualcomm will once again drag Apple into a multi year lawsuit, their claim being that if it is a cellular modem, it violates their patent and that they are the only ones allowed to make a cellular modems.
 
Yeah, keep dreaming. Qualcomm has been making modems a long time. Apple is just starting.
'Apple-designed modems can be expected to offer faster speeds, improved latency, among other benefits compared to Qualcomm or Intel modems, which powered earlier generation iPhones.'

I agree with mfram. So Apple in a few years of development is going to match Qualcomm without infringing on patents? Seems implausible.
 
Yeah, keep dreaming. Qualcomm has been making modems a long time. Apple is just starting.
People just don't learn anything from the past. It is like some have just arrived form a different planet. Apple has shown over and over and over that being first on doing something means jacksh*t.
 
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IDK, on the one hand it makes sense for Apple to ensure their technological independence, the iPhone is so incredibly important for the company that nothing (and I mean nothing) can put the iPhone in jeopardy.

On the other hand, this seems to be the one thing Qualcomm has nailed down better than anyone else in the world, and Apple really has to outmatch Qualcomm.

At least has to deliver an equally good modem, but if it is worse than Qualcomm and people notice, ... well, that's not good. Eh, it's only money, right?
 
If boiling water is patented, how do you invent new ways to make tea?

This is a great example which illuminates the world of patents!

Let us break down the tea-making process. It is essentially an extraction process, where some substances in the tea leaves need to be transferred to hot water. Physical chemistry tells us there are at least four parameters which have an impact on the extraction process: solvent, temperature, flow at the solid/liquid interface, and time.

As we have a multi-component extraction, getting the same balance as the gold standard (boiling water) may require some experimentation, but I can imagine at least three plausible ways of brewing tea without boiling water:
  1. Use liquid water in sub-boiling temperatures. There is a relatively large pressure-temperature space which can be used. For example, the water remains liquid at 100+ °C if the pressure is higher than standard pressure. Best guess is to heat the water to just below boiling.
  2. Use vapour without liquid water. The vapour may condense on the tea leaves and then extract whatever needs to be extracted. Same as above, different temperatures and pressures may be utilized.
  3. Use another solvent, e.g. supercritical CO2 in the extraction process. Mix the solvent with water and separate the solvent.
Most patents can be avoided relatively easily. The mobile network world has several patents which are impossible to avoid, and there is a separate mechanism for licensing these essential patents.

(There are several patents with my name in the inventor field. Despite that I think the patent system is fundamentally flawed and should be replaced by something more useful. We need a mechanism to keep the incentive to innovate, but the system is now way too inflexible and emplys far too many lawyers.)
 
'Apple-designed modems can be expected to offer faster speeds, improved latency, among other benefits compared to Qualcomm or Intel modems, which powered earlier generation iPhones.'

I agree with mfram. So Apple in a few years of development is going to match Qualcomm without infringing on patents? Seems implausible.

What patents will be infringed upon that aren't covered in their 8 year licensing agreement?
 
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I don’t know if you are being sarcastic or not but if you aren’t then look up the reactions you got and look up comparisons between Qualcomm’s and intel’s models to see why Qualcomm’s is a lot more superior

I’ll give you a hint, Intels modems are ****, so **** that they were actually developing a 5G Modem which was initially made for the 11 lineup (which were the first iPhones to be rumored to get 5G) and they admitted (before the news of apple buying intels whole modem lineup) that they couldn’t develop a 5G modem in time and that was the reason why the 11/SE lineup got 4G.

so it’s ridiculous to see your post verses the plethora of posts of people complaining about Intels Modems. I rarely see a post of someone complaining about Qualcomm’s modems so do your research before saying “people love Intels modems”





more like they are just starting when it comes to ARM on the Mac rather than they are just starting as a whole because they have been developing CPU’s for a long time since the revealing of A4 in early 2010😊
What’s ridiculous are your lack of reading comprehension skills. Let me help you out: of course he was being sarcastic.
 
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This isn't gonna bring the price of a new iPhone down
all it does is make it cheaper for APPLE to manufacture.
 
Why couldn’t Intel hack it? And why is Qualcomm so much better? Is modem engineering much more complex than people realize?
No. It’s pretty simple, as it turns out. Verification is the hardest part. But still much simpler than CPUs. But Intel hasn’t been able to hack it with cpus either for the last decade.
 
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Hypothetical dream scenario: The year is 2025, there are now 3 generations of iPhone containing this purported Apple-designed modem chip, including iPads and the latest Mac/iMacs. Apple announces partnership with SpaceX’s Starlink which has just recently been completed in space and which Apple has secretly designed to be optimised for in it’s in-house modem chip.

Overnight, every recent Apple product can now access high-bandwidth data directly from Starlink’s Satellite network at any point of the planet, with a data package that can be purchased directly through iCloud settings, or available with an Apple One bundle.

The world’s population is now freed from the limitations of land based communications towers and from increasingly pervasive local ISP’s & Governments. The internet for the most part exists as an ethereal network accessible to all humans equally and largely without interference from any entities that would restrict that access, lest they control the devices themselves. A man can dream…
Yeah, that wouldn’t likely be happening for 2 reasons.

1. Even Musk himself had said repeatedly recently that Starlink isn’t meant to serve large portion of population in high density urban area. The satellite itself would run out of available bandwidth and frequency allocation to resolve between different ground transceivers within a small area.

2. Currently there is no Starlink ground antenna small enough to fit inside your pocket or have enough power efficient to be powered by battery. In fact, US military just announce interest and purpose a request for feasibility study into possibility of “Man-Portable Starlink System” last month. If the US military wasn’t even entirely sure miniaturized Starlink antenna is possible. There is zero chance we would see such technology be wildly deployed by 2025.
 
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And people loved intel’s modems…
Better Engineering management and a different company culture goes a long way towards fixing Intel’s silo culture and fiefdoms that may have made working there a daily grind.

Whereas the modem group wasn’t high up on Intel’s priority list, I can guarantee that to Apple it is and has changed things accordingly to make its acquisition a success.
 
And Intel modems were not really that great.

I am glad that they are moving this way, I just hope it doesn’t come at the expense of lower quality telecom for the user. Apple will certainly save money, but I doubt we will see any difference on our part.

Unlike Intel who was directly competing with Qualcomm, and have to make everything without infringing on Qualcomm’s patent making the task of creating good modem much more difficult. Apple have the option to act more like Samsung who also make their own modem using technologies licensed from Qualcomm.

Apple now have licensing agreement for Qualcomm’s technologies at least until 2025~2027, experienced modem engineering team from Intel, and good hardware R&D management experience from themselves. I don‘t think it is fair to assume Apple would fumble like Intel once did with these much additional advantages. If licensing deal with Qualcomm make sense to Apple, they can just keep extending their agreement.

Also, with Apple creating their own modem instead of buying chips from Qualcomm. We would finally see modem being integrated into SoC which could improve efficiency.
 
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5G is another patent minefield with a plethora of NPE's just waiting to strike at Apple (again). I really do hope that they (apple) has the licenses all sewn up otherwise I predict that Apple alone will keep the usual jurisdictions solvent for another decade or so.
That's one of the reasons why Apple acquired Intel's modem division. With it they got a significant portfolio of related patents (going back to the Infineon days) that they will leverage in licensing negotiations and to defend against litigation.
 
See prior response. This isn’t intel. It’s Apple combined with Intel’s experience.


ANyway, looking forward to coming back to this thread in a couple of years. Posters will look as dumb as the folks who said Apple could never design great iphone processors out of the gate, or the folks just a year ago who insisted that Apple‘s Arm CPUs would suck for macs.
#Thread500
 
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Not for me. No way I am going to use new Apple RF silicon. They simply don't have the chops for that. Look at how badly they bungled WiFi and cellular over the years. For me, it will be a least 2 years after first shipment to even consider.
 
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