Number 2 first, as it's easy: Yes, that is the recommended process, but you can shortcut that by simply reapplying the root patches (note that this is not the recommend procedure, but it will work if your hardware hasn't changed at all).
Number 1. Look in the /Library/Developers folder. That is where the KDKs are kept. Normally you will have only one KDK (but with two files, one is a backup pgk package file). If you have 2, look at the version numbers and keep the one (two files) for the latest installed macOS.
Number 3. KDKs are used and necessary during the root patching procedure. The OCLP app is quite good at picking the KDKD closest to the current installed OS that will work. I don't think we need to delve further into why, unless you are interested in the programming involved. In that case you might venture to register on the Discord forum and ask there. That field is a definite "Black Box" for me.