I think your sentiment is right, if I can paraphrase...business decisions are complex and beyond any all-purpose "rule" we could devise. However, in general, I think there is a widely held misconception that companies consider their customers' best interest in their decisions. I think that what they consider first and foremost is -> what will maximize revenue and profits. Now, we could look at Tim Cook's avowed concern for privacy of an example of a corporation holding some core value or ideal that is in their customer's best interest, and I think that is valid in some cases. I believe that Elon Musk is truly interested in climate change and helping humanity's long term chance for survival, too. But ultimately, when Apple's executives look at a product roadmap, they are trying to capture the largest market segment they can, at the highest profit margin, for the least capital expenditure. It then comes down to - "What can be marketed most effectively?" "What will drive sales and profit?", NOT, what is the absolute best, most useful product. A good example is size and weight of products. Marketing tells us that "thinner and lighter" has a positive correlation with consumer desire and, ultimately, sales. If a substandard keyboard design on the new MacBook Pro allows shaving a bit off the thickness, that is where they prefer to make the trade, because the broader consumer demographic won't really notice or care about the new keyboard, but "thinner" or even "thinnest" are great marketing gimmicks. I don't think we're going to eradicate corporate drive for profits - a "half gallon" of milk doesn't exist for many brands anymore - it's 52 oz. - Not because consumers wanted it, but because it drives growhth on the balance sheet for shareholders.
Well, I consider my customer's best interest in my business decisions. It's not an all or nothing thing, as yes, I have to make money. So, my product offering is aimed at a clientele that gets this and for which my product is a right-fit. When a potential customer comes along for which some competing service is better, I explain that and send them that way.
In the short term, this hurts my profitability. In the long term, it increases my brand and trust. What is integrity and trust worth on the balance sheet? How much would that be worth to my investors if I had those? It depends on whether they are *investors* or day-traders. The problem with big business and anything connected to Wall Street, is that it has mostly become the latter. It's basically Vegas dressed up in respectable clothing and termed 'investment.'
I'd also argue that while Apple certainly has always cared about profitability and profit margin, what got them to where they are at was building exceptional products and providing an excellent customer experience. Their present success is more an outworking of that than being marketing and profit-maximization driven (that's mostly what their competitors do... Apple was different, which differentiated them in the market).
Can this go too far? Sure. As I said above, you *on the whole* have to be profitable. You can't just make the ideal product and then price it at a loss. You also can't just make a - no holds barred - absolute best product unless you're in a market where you can price it accordingly. Apple has only made a few such products over the years. Most of their products are aimed more at the high end of some market segment.
Yet, having that 'no compromise' product, as noted above about the GT40, etc. can have benefits beyond profit-margin. But, when I'm talking about best, I, of course, mean within reason. This is something Apple has historically done quite well.
I will also certainly admit that Apple's ability with iOS to appeal to a different, wider market has contributed greatly to their success. I'm not opposed to this at all. The problem comes in when you start saying that because this new 'optimum' market segment exists, the rest aren't also strategically crucial.
There is ***ZERO*** reason Apple can't serve several markets quite well at the same time, unless there is some fundamental silly business thinking going that is driven by short-sighted marketing or bean-counting.
The MacBook Pro keyboard is a perfect example of pushing things too far. It's OK to do such a thing in a more consumer-focused product like the MacBook (so long as quality doesn't suffer too much, for an expected Apple quality level). But, in a Pro product, quality and typing experience should absolutely outweigh a thinness spec the marketing dept might love to achieve.
Also, when you say 'capture the largest market segment'... you have to define that. For example, if I simply wanted to capture the largest market segment for my website design business... I'd throw 1000 sites on some cheap hosting and crank out average, useless websites. I'm actually differentiating my services by aiming at a smaller market segment of higher-quality clientele who want more.
Or, to the car analogy, take BMW (one of Steve Jobs favorite analogies too). They obviously aren't aiming their products towards the largest possible market segment. They have identified a different, much smaller, market segment to serve. Of course, within that market segment, they design their products to the biggest number. And, that means compromises, of course. But, their products have higher quality and manufacturing costs than if they simply aimed at maximum market and profit margins.
Ultimately, it is actually in the best interests of shareholders (on the whole, actual investors... sans day-traders) to do the right thing, and not just blindly maximize something as simplistic as profit or market-share. Corporations don't exist in a vacuum, especially in the Internet age. The classic example is that it's certainly cheaper to dump your toxic waste sludge in the river, on the overly simplistic books. But in the long run, this has very real, wide-reaching costs. Doing the right thing is going to win out in the long-term, especially since companies can't hide things as easily (and this includes more mild things like corporate-image).
And, as your Musk example indicates (and I'd argue Jobs' driving principals, or Apple's new focus on privacy), doing things simply to create a better world often create new thriving markets and critical product differentiation. And, while I'm sure they think about such things in marketing departments, this often happens regardless or maybe in spite of their efforts.