1. 30 pin to lightning.
2. ???
Um... Once?
Citation needed, I think... unless you count the Apple Watch system, but that looks as if it is tailor made for the watch.
In the case of the iPod dock connector, precisely once in the last 10 years
No we haven't. With portable devices it has changed exactly once in over 10 years.
I didn't say anything about competition- that's injecting some new info to spin the topic to make Apple look better. What I did say was that we have a perfectly functional, fine, ubiquitous standard that "we" want replaced with a narrow, iDevice-only standard that comes with the complication of charging through the very same port.
As to the insinuation of "once" answers, just do a search for "apple proprietary connectors" and start clicking. Some articles do try to spin that Apple competitors have more proprietary connectors too but that's also missing my point. In some cases, it's like Apple is going out of it's way to make a proprietary connector for no obvious benefit (other than adapter, cables & licensing profits for Apple).
Even within this very thread, you have people excited about using this set of headphones with their Apple laptop, only to be shot down because it lacks the proprietary port. Then you have others chiming in about getting an adapter to make it work rather than questioning why we need to bother with yet another narrow connector on the end of a $300 pair of headphones.
If it brings some real consumer utility or benefit, great! What are those benefits over the same with the established standard? So far all I've seen is that it can suck it's energy from the iDevices battery making the phones marginally smaller than those that might use a AAA battery or similar. Is that worth $300 and locking into lightning-only uses?
Obviously I have some phones with the standard jack. I use them with iDevices AND Macs... and a variety of other audio hardware. How?
Because just about everything has that standard jack. Mine do use a AAA battery for the noise reduction but that means they won't burn that same energy from the battery in my iDevice. And (IMO) an AAA battery is not some great burden to carry around.
You guys seeing this as some kind of wonderful thing... good for you. If I wanted these particular headphones, I'd much rather buy a variant with a standard jack. And if I felt compelled to hook it to an iDevice through the lightning port, I'd rather find an adapter for that rather than being locked into $300 headphones usable ONLY with Apple iDevices.