I don't have time to read, consider and reply to every post, sorry. I'll visit yours but I won't be around to respond to any further reply, as I'm afk a bit.I had to notice you completely ignored my response to your post, which dealt with this issue.
If you're talking about post #168, you've copy-pasted from the article the assertion, "there are some similarities between the Apple interface and the various interfaces on Xerox systems, but the differences are substantial." But my very argument was that the conclusion - "differences are substantial" - is false, and that the article in fact gives evidence by listing mostly minor differences while accepting major similarities.
You repeat the original article's conclusion in the next paragraph, without substantiation, while confessing a bias for Raskin's writing. You're quite right that the mouse wasn't new to PARC - my previous post mentioned Engelbart as being brought in - nor, almost by implication, was the idea of a graphical user interface new. But many new GUI concepts (see my previous post) were developed at PARC - a pre-PARC UI would be primitive or foreign to a 1984 Mac user, a PARC UI would be familiar. I would also argue that ObjC and NeXT's development environment are the nearest the general computing world has to Smalltalk: the borrowing never ends ;-).
The problem is the arbitrary line people (must, if they want a conception of IP) draw between "building on" and "stealing", and similarly between an idea and its expression. If I give away a poem that tells anyone how to almost perfectly reconstruct a picture, have I stolen that picture? What if I've only captured some of its features? Its essence? The 1990 lawsuit (see my previous post) puts some light on how Xerox felt: one of the people there quoted believes that the angle chosen by Xerox was merely because it was too late to accuse Apple of straight copying. Another interpretation is that Xerox were not so much telling Apple "you've stolen our stuff" as "we enjoyed sharing, now you're being possessive with your advances and confounding your efforts with ours - stop it!"And this isn't how it works much of the time? If the question is whether both Xerox and Apple built on previous work, both academic and commercial (quasi-commercial in the case of Xerox), then the answer is is obviously "yes." But if the accusation is that Apple "stole" their idea from Xerox, the answer is emphatically "no."
Kinda agreed, though I'm not sure "brain-dead" can be argued for without hindsight. You've indicated why people at Xerox might want to work for Apple, but what is important is that Apple welcomed people from Xerox, sent SJ to Xerox and built a UI that looked similar to Xerox.The primary cause for this transfer of intellect was the brain-dead top management at Xerox, which could see the wisdom of funding basic research but not in building products based on it.