Re-registered fingers again. Worked great for the first day or so. Now only works on fingers if they are in specific placements (typically perfectly horizontal against the phone, lightly touching the sensor). Fingertips, sides, etc. no longer register at all.
There has to be some hardware or software failure involved here. If this was purely a matter of bad fingers, there would be no temporal degradation involved the sensor wouldn't work great for a while and then suddenly stop detecting. Perhaps an issue with the fingerprint storage in the "enclave". Could be the "learning" mode is corrupting valid parts of its fingerprint data, something like that.