Switching SIM cards is simple.
From my experience the carrier lock has always been on the actual phone. So switching the SIM card wouldn’t work because the phone itself was locked to the carrier.
Locking the phones themselves isn’t really unethical if you have elected to have your carrier subsidize the cost of your phone.
If you purchase your phone outright (as in full retail purchase up front), then the carrier has no right to lock the phone. And if it was locked by them before your purchase, I’ve always had them unlock it immediately after I pay for it. That’s never been a hassle. Even with AT&T.
After the actual phone has been unlocked (because I own it), I can switch carriers and SIM cards all day long. Nobody cares.
But, if you elect to have the carrier subsidize your phone, the reality is that you do not “own” the phone until you have completed your contractual agreement. That agreement usually stipulates that you will make payments of X amount for Z number of months while maintaining an active service for that phone with said carrier for Y number of months without being delinquent in your payments.
Until you have completed every part of the X Y Z agreement, you do not own the phone.
Once you do own the phone, every carrier I’ve ever dealt with has immediately agreed to unlock the phone if I ask them to.
I can then insert a SIM card (or switch SIM cards) any time I like, and use another carrier.
Sure an eSIM might be more convenient. But a standard SIM doesn’t make it difficult to change carriers. And it doesn’t increase costs. I have never paid for a SIM card. I’ve always had them handed to me for free. Obviously the carrier has to give you some method of connecting to them. So if you subscribe to their service, obviously they’re going to give you the card that makes it possible and leads to them getting monthly service payments from you.
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Had the same problem with buying iPhones for full price at Best Buy. Said they were unlocked, but they lock as soon as you put a SIM in them. Impossible to get carrier to unlock!
Every iPhone I’ve ever seen for sale at Walmart or Best Buy has had the fine print that the advertised price is contingent on the buyer subscribing to one of the preferred cell phone carriers for service. So you’re locking yourself in at the time of purchase. Essentially the same as a subsidized phone purchase in contract terms.
If you want to avoid such terms, don’t buy it from someone who requires you to use a particular carrier as part of the purchase terms.
Either pay full retail at the carrier and have them unlock the phone for you. Or, buy an unlocked phone at full retail from Apple. And clarify with your carrier when you activate the phone that it is yours and you want it to remain unlocked.
The SIM isn’t where the magic is happening. The lock is a carrier lock on the phone itself at the time you activate service with the carrier.
I’ve never had a SIM cause my phone to become locked. But I have had carriers assume that they could lock a phone to their service until I pointed out that I brought the phone to them, that it is unlocked, and I have no contract obligations on the phone.
Until you own the phone with no outstanding small print terms hanging over you, you are essentially locked. But not by the SIM. You’re locked by the terms of the contract you agreed to. And they enforce that contract by locking the actual phone (not the SIM).