If you're unhappy that Apple's App Store is the only avenue for getting apps onto iOS, that was quite clearly part of the deal before you decided to purchase an iOS device.
It's not necessarily an antitrust issue for users—at least not directly—but from developers' perspectives, it can get a bit tricky.
I've usually disagreed with Spotify's arguments against Apple’s up-to-30% commission on in-app subscriptions; they’ve often been silly or intentionally obtuse. But I actually agree that—at least where Apple is
directly competing with an app such as Music vs. Spotify—either the third-party developer should be exempt from the commission, paying only nominal fees such as transaction fees and perhaps a greatly reduced commission, or Apple must give up the commission from its own services that a third-party developer would pay.
Apple Music is $9.99/mo, and Spotify Premium is also $9.99/mo. So, for each new user who subscribes using an IAP, Apple gets $9.99 in revenue for each Apple Music subscriber, since the commission that would be charged by Apple is paid by Apple to Apple. Spotify, on the other hand, must give up $3 to Apple for each new Spotify Premium subscriber. This leaves Spotify, effectively, with these choices:
- Swallow Apple’s up-to-30% commission at the same price of $9.99/mo,
- Raise their prices to account for Apple’s commission, or
- Disallow users to subscribe using in-app purchases.
Each of these has its own very significant drawbacks. For option 1, although many subscription services are in a sense loss-leading offerings—the ones who don’t use the service often pay for those who do—Spotify is forced into accepting greatly reduced revenue per customer and therefore losing money on many more customers than they otherwise would, while Apple gets 100% of the revenue from each IAP for Apple Music. Apple still certainly loses money on some subscribers, but not nearly as many as Spotify. (This corners Spotify into choosing the right balance between losing money altogether and paying out less money to labels/artists, which disincentivizes placing music on Spotify compared to Apple Music.)
For option 2, Spotify Premium would no longer be priced comparably with Apple Music, so people would be pushed toward Apple's offering. And for option 3, this adds signup friction, such that users cannot directly subscribe in the app—they can only sign into their account or sign up for a free account—and Spotify isn't allowed to direct users outside the app to purchase any digital goods or services per Apple’s App Review Guidelines.
Maybe Spotify could just offer its services outside the App Store, right? Wrong! Apple does allow the installation of Progressive Web Apps where you can add a website from Safari to the Home screen, but PWAs on iOS are subject to restrictions that aren’t present on other platforms and are, by all accounts, seemingly arbitrary. And, as we all know, there are no third-party app stores for iOS.
Apple could end this
tomorrow if they wanted by merely allowing an app—or even just apps they compete with directly—to direct users outside the app to purchase digital goods and services or even for these apps to use their own payment systems for digital goods and services inside the app. They already allow it for anything
but digital goods and services, but they’re going to cynically cling onto this slice of their beloved Services revenue even if it means taking it to the Supreme Court.