What if we continued to compensate the "high performing" executives very well, say $1M per year (a substantial sum to most people), and used the rest of the corporate profits to double the salaries of all the other workers, then used any remainder to pay for infrastructure and social improvements. (I'm sure some will see "communism" and high taxes here, but read on) With this structure, workers would share greatly in the success of the corporation, parents could go from 2-income to single income households, allowing a parent to stay home with the kids if they wanted. The extra money going for the common good could vastly improve health care. Our schools could provide top-notch educations to ALL kids. The list of benefits goes on. Remember, all that extra money comes from the hundreds of millions of dollars that is currently being hoarded by individuals who have more homes, cars, jets, and private islands than they can ever use. And we would all still have those $1M jobs to aspire to.
Executive salaries do not occur in a vacuum. Like any other transaction, they occur in a free market, which sets the price. Again, the people running Apple are not complete idiots. If they thought they could hire brilliant, successful execs for less money, they'd do it in a heartbeat. In any business, no matter the size, labor costs are nearly always the largest expense--far more than the costs of energy, raw materials, R&D, real estate, equipment, or marketing. If they could trim that, they would. If you think there is a great "conspiracy" to overspend on this part of a company's budget, one that affects the bottom-line profitability so directly, you are making quite a demonizing leap of faith in the existence of a Boogeyman (or cadre of "boogeymen").
Executive salaries are high because the the positions are esteemed as so valuable that qualified candidates can ask for and get that compensation. No conspiracy among corporate boards to keep the exec salaries high. They'd love to pay them less if they could get away with it. But in a competitive marketplace it cannot be done.
A sports metaphor might help: if you had a major league baseball team, and you brought a fantastic pitcher up from your farm teams, initially you would be able to pay him slightly less than market value. Once he starts shutting down teams with his 100+ mph fastballs, the other clubs will note his value. When his contract with your team expires, he will get a huge lucrative offer from the highest bidder. You cannot control how much you'll pay him. The market does. Some team who desperately needs a starting pitcher who can throw heat will offer him more than any other team. Whatever that amount is determines the salary.
Is it fair? Is this pitcher a genius? No. Does he have the education of a teacher, professor, or scientist? No. Does he have amazing productivity as a skilled craftsman? No. Does he have the work ethic of a farmer or coal miner? No. Just lucky to have a unique physiology that permits him to hurl pitches at a very fast rate of speed coupled with the psychology of a competitor that enables him to perform at a high level under extremely high-stress situations. Fortunately for the pitcher, that skill set is in extremely high demand, as as thirty ball clubs struggle against one another to find a competitive advantage that will result in victory and financial reward, the price for such a rare talent climbs. Teams use stats and projections to determine the value of a player, and they do not WANT to overspend for their talent.
So it is with Fortune 500 companies. No board WANTS to overspend for CEO compensation. It eats at the bottom line profitability of a company like a cancer. But the specialized skills of a corporate executive are so highly valued that the market drives the price up.
The only entity you can credibly demonize in all of this is is free market capitalism itself, which has some flaws but certainly beats the alternatives. The lucky 1% are not conspiring to inflate one another's salaries. If they could, boards would pay less for executive salaries. They cannot. The market won't let them.