Dust will still exist regardless of your HVAC situation at home / office.
Dust is perfectly natural and normal accumulation of micro particles. While your home HVAC will do a good job at reducing a lot of the airborne dust, it can never be 100%.
A computer, with constant airflow will be a natural vacuum to suck up dust particles that we all shed off constantly (a lot of dust is just skin particles that we shed). unless you have a clean room that has the proper setup to eliminate dust, you will always have dust.
And computers, as I said with the fans always going act almost like a vacuum in that it will suck in anything in the air around the workstation. Dust included.
The thing that is oddly questionable is why there is no dust filter on the front intake. if the air flow is properly balanced (which I would imagine so), than a single dust filter would legitimately reduce the potential dust intake by leaps and bounds.
However, lack of dust filters is a common theme in a lot of cases. this isn't something that Apple's exclusively missed. When shopping for cases, it's often an additional featureset that one has to look out for.