Hope you don't mind I've re-ordered some of these so I don't have to repeat myself as much, and I do give you credit for providing sources, even if a whole lot of them are very misleading to people who aren't as deep into this stuff, don't show what you're saying, and/or aren't a cause for concern.
A quick sidenote to begin with for most people reading this: If the stuff Amacfa was asserting was actually the case and caused problems on anything more than a tiny scale, we would see lots of terrible adverse events that fit with it, which we just don't see. Get vaccinated folks!
Article on how the Covid19 spike protein crosses the blood-brain barrier:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096999612030406X?via=ihub
Article on how the Covid19 spike protein binds to the ACE2 receptor of our platelets to cause bloodclots:
Background Critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19 may develop a pro-thrombotic state that places them at a dramatically increased lethal risk. Although platelet activation is critical for thrombosis and is responsible for the thrombotic events and cardiovascular complications, the role...
jhoonline.biomedcentral.com
Article explains that just the S1 subunit of the spike protein can cause platelets to clot:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.05.21252960v1
Article on how the spike protein can cause neurodegeneration:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X2100499X?via=ihub
Journal article with evidence that the spike protein by itself can damage cells by binding to ACE2, causing the cells mitochondria to lose their shape and break apart:
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.318902
Article that when the spike protein binds to the ACE2 receptor it causes the release of soluble IL-6R which acts as a extracellular signal which causes inflammation (see the first paper for evidence that the spike causes the release of IL-6R and see the second paper for an explanation of how soluble IL-6R causes pro-inflamatory extracellular signaling:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33284859/ And
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3491447/
Spike protein by itself causes cell damage by eliciting a pro-inflammatory response:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41375-021-01332-z
Another article that Spike protein from covid or the vaccine causes inflammation through cell signaling, this time there is evidence that the spike protein causes senescence (premature aging) signals in the cell which attracts leukocytes that cause inflammation of the cell:
https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/JVI.00794-21
All of these do indeed seem pretty bad, but
they're about the spike protein from the virus itself, nothing to do with the vaccines. If anything
they're more of a reason to get vaccinated so your immune system is primed to stop the virus and its spike proteins from getting into your brain and causing damage. This would also probably help explain the worrying evidence we have around
COVID causing lasting cognitive impacts.
While you state that the last study is about the spike protein from the vaccine as well, what it
actually says is that it's quite unlikely to be an issue as a result of vaccination, and they didn't seem to test it either, just wondered about it.
A nonreplicable form of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is used in the vaccines for immunization. Therefore, viral spike protein expression and duration of antigenic stimulation to the immune system in the injected tissue (although expected for a brief period) may not be sufficient to exhibit significant senescence or deleterious effect to adjacent endothelial cells.
Japanese article on how the Pfizer vax is associated with brain hemorrhaging (lending credence to the hypothesis that the spike proteins are crossing the blood brain barrier in some people):
https://joppp.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40545-021-00326-7
While it's good that we track possible adverse events, this is 10 cases out of many hundreds of millions of doses of Pfizer given worldwide, hasn't been seen elsewhere that I'm aware of even though that article is from May, and it's not actually been confirmed as related to the vaccine even by the Japanese authorities as far as I'm aware. Coincidences do indeed happen at this scale.
There is no evidence that the spike protein
produced via the vaccines is crossing the blood-brain-barrier and causing harm, and there's a few reasons for that, many of which Dr Derek Lowe goes over
in this great article:
- The overwhelming majority of the vaccine stays around the injection site (we'll come back to this).
- The spike protein created via the vaccines is anchored to the cell that it was created in, it isn't free-floating.
- Here's an incredibly detailed article by an expert on the blood-brain-barrier that shows how even in studies where they gave rats dosages much higher than any human would get, the amount in their rat brains was 0.02%, and she makes clear that is likely an overestimation, and it goes down to 0.01% within 48 hours.
- The spike protein in the Moderna, Pfizer and J&J vaccines (and the upcoming Novavax one) also had some proline mutations introduced into it which works to keep it in its prefusion form rather than the one it adopts to bind to ACE2 and do Bad Things.
- As we've already established via the long set of citations you provided above (thanks), the spike protein from the real virus is a nasty thing, does spread around our bodies, does hurt us, can seemingly get into our brains, and as we'll go over later, is present in your body at much higher levels via actual infection than it even theoretically could be via the vaccines, so getting vaccinated is the much safer option if you want to keep spike proteins from messing with your brain.
Article on how AstraZeneca is associated with blood clots in the brain (lending more credence to the hypothesis that the spike proteins are crossing the blood brain barrier in some people):
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2104840
This isn't really news, but it only happens with AZ/J&J, is incredibly rare (1 in 50,000-100,000), treatable, and if it happens, happens within a few weeks of vaccination. However the idea that it lends credence to the hypothesis of the spike protein crossing the blood/brain barrier, is not backed up simply by this.
More evidence that spike proteins do not stay on the cell membranes but end up circulating in the blood. This study aims to explain the blood clots caused by the J&J and AstraZeneca adenovector vaccines, they claim that the DNA isn't properly spliced and the spike proteins end up in the blood causing thrombosis when the spikes attach to the ACE2 receptors of the endothelial cells:
https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-558954/v1
Article explaining that blood clots from the spike protein interacting with our platelets are associated with both COVID-19 infection and vaccination:
https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1003648
It's an interesting theory to explain what might possibly be happening in the above incredibly rare cases with AZ/J&J, but even aside from how that article is a preprint, the actual issue in question is still
incredibly rare and treatable as above.
Article on how the spike protein in vaccines can cause cell damage via cell signaling:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7827936/
No, this article is about how it
potentially could, theoretically, cause damage. It doesn't show that actual damage has, or is, occurring as a result of the vaccines in actual people. It calls for us to monitor the vaccines to check they prove safe, which we've been doing for around 16 months since the first trials started, and at absolutely massive scale internationally for more than 8 months with billions of doses given. And though I think was just a typo on your part, obviously aside from the upcoming Novavax vaccine, none of the authorised vaccines currently contain the spike protein itself.
Article with evidence that spike proteins do end up circulating in the blood, when they're not supposed to, they're supposed to be anchored on the cell membranes:
https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciab465/6279075
Edward Nirenberg has a great article going over exactly this paper, showing that amount of spike protein in question is around 100,000x lower than the level we know can cause harm.
This incredibly detailed article from David Gorski goes into all of this stuff in more detail.
Biodistribution data:-
Pfizer animal testing document that was obtained by Dr. Byram Bridle through a FOI request to the Japanese government which shows the biodistribution of the lipid-nano particles throughout the bodies and organs of the test subjects. This is evidence that the lipid nanoparticles do not stay in the injecton site, but instead travel all throughout the body (go to pg 16/23 for the charts showing biodistribution over the course of 48hrs):
https://files.catbox.moe/0vwcmj.pdf
- It's not inherently a problem if some of the vaccine doesn't stay at the injection site, what matters is how much, and where it ends up exactly.
- The biodistribution data has been available for ages and was part of the EMA assessment of the vaccines, Bridle didn't 'unearth' anything.
- The experiment was in rats, not humans, and we are a tad different.
- What it shows is that the vast majority of the LNPs, representing the vaccine, do stay at the injection site. The link I posted before that goes over the possibility of the blood-brain-barrier stuff, goes over this particular paper in detail, notes that it was done at doses so high they're impossible to reach in humans, and only a small proportion of the LNPs, representing the vaccine, end up elsewhere
- As before, even if some do, it's still not a big issue because the spike proteins produced will be anchored inside the cell they were created in. What you raised earlier about the AZ/J&J vaccine possibly not always doing so, obviously doesn't apply to Pfizer/Moderna anyway.
- Finally, the mRNA itself obviously breaks down pretty quickly anyway.
Also, fun thing about Byram Bridle, he got a $230,000 grant from the Ontario government to develop a viral vector vaccine using the spike protein.
Addendum to the above link. This blog post provides easy to understand information (with pictures) on the make-up of the lipid nanoparticles used in the Covid19 vaccines. It shows that the pharmaceutical companies could have designed them to have targeting ligands on the outside, so that the nanoparticles would only transfect the muscle cells. But instead the vax was designed with PEG polymers on the outside, so that the immune system will not be able to pick them up and put them in the trash. The PEG is what Byram Bridle says is the reason the vaccine travels throughout the body and since it does not have targeting ligands, it can transfect any type of cell:
https://www.cas.org/resource/blog/understanding-nanotechnology-covid-19-vaccines
If they designed them that way, as you note, the immune system would likely see the LNPs right away and dispose of them, which means the vaccine couldn't work, so it seems a bit strange to criticise them for designing a vaccine so it can actually work.
We aren’t anti-vaccine. We just don’t like this particular one and how it’s made
While the "we" here is quite a big one, which definitely includes a lot of people who are explicitly anti-vaccine, the vast majority of evidence you've provided is evidence as to why the real coronavirus is terrible and getting vaccinated is good, and rest of it is either things we already know that are incredibly rare, things you've misunderstood, or that just aren't a problem.