I am amused at these rather ignorant responses. As if, most people in US ( as an example ) could afford iPhones were they not subsidized by carriers or not have payment plans!
Apple sold 800,000 iPhones in India (2017), far below the Samsung, Oppo, Oneplus, Xiaomi, etc., mainly because of the Indian government's stance. Some of the better selling smartphones are more expensive than the iPhone X!
India and China have restrictive trade barriers that focus on keeping the locals employed; if not these products are taxed to death! This resulted in iPhone sales dropping from a high 3.2 million to the low numbers (800K) last year, just SE. They don't sell enough iPhone 7, 8 and X.
Apple did not even get the permit to open an Apple Store in India if Apple did not produce (assemble) their iPhones in India. These stores are now in the works, now that that hurdle has been crossed. Most multinational companies that sell products in India have to produce/assemble their products in India to date, or pay the higher tariffs.
The “middle class” in India can’t even afford a motorbike. It’s a fake middle class as evidenced by the fact Apple sold fewer than 1 million phones in the first half of 2018.
Apple doesn't down-sell their products; i.e., the cheapest iPhone is the SE and it costs ~$320. You can get an Indian made smartphone (Micromax, Karbonn, etc.) for less than $50, and the low-end Chinese and Korean smartphones from about $85. The high end smartphones selling in India do go as high as ~$1800! Yes, much more than the highest configuration iPhone X! The monthly payment for a 24-month lease on an iPhone X is more than $65, yet there are enough Indians to buy them, not in high volumes.
Just the fact that the enormous volumes sold at the lower end means that the median selling price of a smartphone is about half of the selling price in China and a third of the USA prices!
About
120 million smartphones and 160 feature million phones were sold in 2017 in India - the poor still want a means of communication, and the cellphone companies are making them available at every economic level.
India's literacy rate is under 75%. Only 88% of the population has access to drinking water. Less than 85% of Indians have access to electricity. Rape is the fourth most common crime against women in India.
Chinese consumers can comfortably buy an iPhone while Indians are worrying about basic health and rape. Yes, there are a lot more people in India. Most Indians can't afford a smartphone let alone an iPhone.