It literally works right now, you just need the camera adapter. The expectation isnt that something that doesnt work now works later, it’s that something that works now but needs an intermediate adapter will work without one when there’s no need to change the port via one
Btw I know for a fact, having used both, that two of your “wouldn't expect to be supported in the future” devices, keyboards and external monitors are 100% supported on iPhones right now (so are most standard usb accessories, like network adapters, or external drives for storage and transfer, both of which and more I’ve also used), I believe mice are too (going to try that later now, I’m curious, never tried, but given cursor support is decent and external mice are fine with iPads I’m fairly confident it will work, though I suspect it will need an accessibility setting turned on)