I'm going to include a photo of a quad-lock case just for context. The quad lock system is a fantastic (proprietary) mechanism for mounting your phones to things I had one in the past as well.
As you can see, the quad lock case you mention is a thick-ass case made worse by the fact it doesn't let your phone rest (closely)on the wireless charger. Quad lock specifically sells a wireless charging head that may help you.
I know I've had issues in the past (especially with my Pixel 4XL) with thicker cases preventing wireless charging. Some combinations of phones/chargers are more or less sensitive to the charging distance. I think some phones reject greater charging distances in an attempt to mitigate the higher heat generation. I suspect that is the case (pun intended) with your iPhone. Sucks though.
I get that you are invested in Quad-lock and it is an awesome system. For your wife...since she just got her phone, I'd advise returning her case and trying another one. There are literally thousands to choose from that will work.
I just did some testing with my "YooTech" charger on my desk. Even with the leather case on, the phone starts charging at ~5mm distance between the back of the leather case and the charger aka not touching.