I agree with Absent
To elaborate:
P = V x I
Power (measured in Watts) = Voltage (measured in Volts) x Current represented by the letter I (measured in Amperes (or just Amps))
So the new battery's capacity is 5.45Wh (Watt hours). The battery should therefore be able to sustain a power draw of 5.45W for a period of 1 hour, or a power draw of 1W of 5.45 hours, or any calculation that results in a total 5.45Wh (within the reasonable limits of real-world possibilities eg. the battery probably wouldn't be able to sustain a draw of 100W over 0.0545 hours (3 min 16sec) because the battery would very much likely MELT!!!)
Anywho, all you really need to know is that in increase in battery capacity of 0.15Wh is not much by any means (2.83%!!!) and is probably not even good enough to satisfy a reasonable expectation of year-on-year technology advancments in battery technology! I'm not an expert, but the increase in capacity will almost certainly be eaten up well and truly by the increased screen size's power draw, not to mention LTE's apparent hunger for power!!! (even if there is a newer LTE chip in place).
I agree with what you've said, in terms of the overall entire hypothese.
However, there are a few other things to consider.
(1) technology tends to advance year on. components tend to be more efficient now than before. Lower consumption - meaning the same battery capacity would last a bit longer with later components. [and lower consumption over extended time period, can increase the amount of power u can discharge from a battery (see note 3)]
(2) higher voltage(although not very high, case-in-point rumored iphone5 battery label) could also plays a part. (i would assume that apple would have thought it out such that it might run on a slightly higher voltage? with less conversions,etc. and perhaps incur less loss? - well it's all hypothetical)
(3) the battery draw with time that u mentioned earlier, varies. it's not fixed.
usual the figure given are in terms of longer time discharge with lower current.
meaning, the more amps u drain out in lesser time, the lower the power that can be discharged - despite saying it is a 5.45Wh. so in a way, draining out less amperage over extended period(with a slightly higher voltage) could sustain better battery life.
anyway, to me these figures are quite small, like u mentioned earlier.
undeniably though, like u have said too, it would be quite true that the lte component might be a huge power draw. perhaps (maybe) the component power draw with the other communication modules, might have equalized in the end.
im just hoping the label on the battery was just for show. and the new iphone would last way longer than 5hrs.