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Lifehacker:-

http://lifehacker.com/5040043/add-double-scroll-arrows-to-both-ends-of-the-scroll-bar

Says:-
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Just fire up Terminal (it's in the Utilities folder of your Applications folder) and paste (one line):

defaults write "Apple Global Domain" AppleScrollBarVariant DoubleBoth

You'll need to log out and back into your Mac before the changes take effect.
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When I clicked on Terminal it gave me a box with just "Ps-MacBook-Pro:~" followed by my name.

Can any clever person verify that this is OK, as I am a bit nervous of trying it and mucking my computer up, the website name is a worry in itself.
 
That's a hint from 2008, and so applies to Leopard and Snow Leopard only. It won't give you scroll arrows in Lion or above.

I haven't followed this entire thread, but I've seen a fair bit of discussion on the subject. My take is this:

Losing scroll bars is really the only "OMG iOS-ification of OS X!" thing implemented in 10.7 and 10.8. However, Apple's point is really that you shouldn't need to drag your pointer over the arrows and back again to scroll something. Nearly every input device -- trackpad, mouse, touchscreen, etc -- has controls for scrolling without actually having to manipulate a UI object on the screen that controls scrolling.

Apple frequently says "You don't need this", and when people still don't take heed, they remove it. Sometimes it's hardware, sometimes it's APIs, sometimes its UI objects. You can try struggling with hacks to bring it back, or you can spend 10 minutes getting used to it and getting over it. :D
 
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