Apple provides the API (application programmers interface) to interface with the OS. There is also a 'sound API'. This API provides functions to play sound through the OS on the device.
Simplified: The sound api provides functions for volume, play, pause etc. If Adobe has a bug in it's program it could be that some sound signal is sent through the api on maximum volume. Apple should design the interface (api) and the hardware in such a way that no speakers can be blown out if the api is used.
If it is possible to damage hardware through the provided API's there is something wrong with the API's or the hardware. There is no way that software can break hardware under normal circumstances unless (as already said) there is something wrong with the interface (API) or the hardware.
So, in my humble opinion, you see it wrong.