Not any more than such technologies could make any laptop look old. But it's also in the eye of the beholder, it's not like you're going to forget in 2020 that 2018 was only two years ago. And as for connectivity, you're pretty safe with USB-C/TB3.
However, a couple of things that are starting to appear are 144 Hz displays and HDR. Possibly more gamer oriented, but they could certainly be of the kind that makes an older device literally look old. Another thing is VR and AR. I guess separate concepts technically, but they are both immersive technologies that allows you to interact with real and digital worlds in new ways. VR probably needs an eGPU, and that's already happening. AR should probably end up coming to Macs too at some point, though I'm uncertain exactly how that would happen. Maybe you would also include something like FaceID there, though for me that would just be another way of doing the same thing that we've been doing since the 60's. (user authentication)
Otherwise, I expect AI to be the most disruptive technology over the next 5-10 years, though it probably won't influence the Mac hardware in any major way by 2020.
Of course, what possibly would happen is that all Macs move to ARM chips, and suddenly Intel based Macs become archaic? (though probably not)
