I have to admit that I've made a mistake. Member #2 posted for the first time today, after 8 years without posting! Clearly, my ridiculous theory about primeness of minuends of binary logarithms wasn't correct. What was I thinking?
Luckily, I have a new theory that is no less elegant. For a positive-power-of-two member number 2^L, the user will post if and only if glue(L,L+6) is prime, where "glue" concatenates two numbers together.
Let's test:
member #2 = 2^1: L=1, L+6=7, 17 is prime, user
will post - confirmed!
member #4 = 2^2: L=2, L+6=8, 28 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #8 = 2^3: L=3, L+6=9, 39 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #16 = 2^4: L=4, L+6=10, 410 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #32 = 2^5: L=5, L+6=11, 511 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #64 = 2^6: L=6, L+6=12, 612 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #128 = 2^7: L=7, L+6=13, 713 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #256 = 2^8: L=8, L+6=14, 814 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #512 = 2^9: L=9, L+6=15, 915 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #1024 = 2^10: L=10, L+6=16, 1016 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #2048 = 2^11: L=11, L+6=17, 1117 is prime, user
will post - confirmed!
member #4096 = 2^12: L=12, L+6=18, 1218 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #8192 = 2^13: L=13, L+6=19, 1319 is prime, user
will post - confirmed!
member #16384 = 2^14: L=14, L+6=20, 1420 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #32768 = 2^15: L=15, L+6=21, 1521 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #65536 = 2^16: L=16, L+6=22, 1622 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #131072 = 2^17: L=17, L+6=23, 1723 is prime, user
will post - confirmed!
member #262144 = 2^18: L=18, L+6=24, 1824 not prime, user will not post - confirmed!
member #524288 = 2^19: L=19, L+6=25, 1925 not prime, user will not post - yet to be tested
member #1048576 = 2^20: L=20, L+6=26, 2026 not prime, user will not post - yet to be tested
If you don't like my English description of the glue function, you can use this mathematical version of my theorem instead:
member number 2^L posts iff L + 6 + (L x (10 ^ floor(1 + logbase10(L + 6)))) is prime