Talk about a whoosh. The point is that only people pay taxes. Corporations just collect the taxes from the consumers who buy the products through higher prices (and lower wages to employees) to pay those taxes.
Imagine a one person company, me. Say I make $10,000 per year. A friend wants to join me and she was making $10,000 per year doing consulting like me. Together we made $20,000. Say we paid 20% per year in taxes individually so we each paid $2000 in taxes and retained $8,000.
Now we form a corporation, we still bring in $20,000/year. Now we pay a 40% corporate tax rate. So, we pay $8000/year in corporate taxes, leaving $6000/year for each of the two of us ($12000 total), plus we pay 20% income taxes on the $6000 each. We can't live on that, so what do we do?
We raise our prices, now we bring in, say, $30000/year in order to pay our corporate taxes and we might break even then.
Who pays the extra money we needed for corporate taxes? The consumer of our services or goods because we raised prices!!! (Or if we had employees, we'd pay them a bit less too, or perhaps make the raise 1% instead of 3%). Who else hurts? The other person we *might* have hired to help with the extra money we spent on taxes since we incorporated -- they're unemployed.
Who pays the largest percentage of their income out each year for goods and services (groceries, oil changes etc)? The poor! Corporate taxes hit the poor the hardest because people with more income can choose to spend a smaller percentage.
* All of this applies to C Corps and ignores S Corps, LLCs etc because they can only scale so far and all of the large companies like Apple, Microsoft, AT&T etc are C Corps.
That's not really true. A corporation is a separate tax entity, and must pay its calculated tax. Now, corps are better at making their share as little as possible. As to "absolutely nothing", Apple lists $2b, $3.8b, $4.5b as income tax the last 3 fiscal years. I don't know if that's as much as we'd all LIKE them to be paying as they have been very successful, but I'm pretty sure it isn't "nothing".
Collecting from customers is VAT or sales tax, and that is outside of corporate responsibility. They are simply required to collect & remit by the taxing authority. You can dislike the tax, but this one has nothing to do with a retailer. Frankly, if I sell you my car for $10k, you and I as individuals are supposed to calculate and remit sales tax, too.