I have confirmed that Safari now supports playback of 4K.
To your question (highlighted above) - I have IINA; so if you guide me how to test VP9 support; I could do that for you...
Drag and drop a 4k YouTube video URL onto IINA
I believe if you see videotoolbox being used either in activity monitor or within iina (Cmd + i) that should show it!
that being said IINA may not be updated for this yet
If videotoolbox is being used by safari during playback that should show OS level support for hardware acceleration
sorry the forum isn't allowing me to embed this link