As Gustave has pointed out, much of the "confusion" would be cleared up by putting the products in a timeline. Newer features get put on newer devices, and iPad tech is generally behind the iPhone (because the iPhone is the flagship product).
To "clear up" some specific points...
- Haptic feedback is generally supported (for now) in smaller devices (phone, watch) and less complex (trackpad). Does it make sense not to put it on the iPad? I honestly don't know - I don't really think it makes sense in anything except the watch.
- They haven't released an iPad since the iPhone 7. Maybe future iPads will have it, maybe they won't. Again, the iPhone is a flagship product as well as a test bed. It will be very telling to see if the iPads have it or not.
- I don't know how you're getting "6 apps in a row" on your iPhone (unless you're using it horizontal). The iPad has the same number of apps in a row, EXCEPT the "Home Row" (not sure what it's called) - the iPad can support 6 (while the iPhone only supports 4).
- Yes, the new iPhone has a more powerful chip... because it's NEWER. Again, the iPhone is the flagship product.
- I don't know why they released the 9.7" Pro with "only" 2 GB of RAM, but I also don't see it as an issue. Yes, the larger Pro has 4 GB RAM. BFD. And, yes, new devices have upgraded specs.
- Apple doesn't support touchscreen on OS X because OS X isn't built for a touchscreen. Beyond that, the keyboard is not a confusing accessory at all - namely because it's an accessory, it's removable, and you can fold it completely back - you're not going to use the touchscreen with the keyboard attached and in keyboard mode all the time. Most of the time you're still going to use the iPad as a tablet but will occasionally use it to enter large amounts of text. Again, not confusing.
- Battery life on the 12.9" iPad Pro has a HUGE flux. There's a LOT more that affects battery life than any other iPad and it really depends on how you're using it. If you're using the Pencil a lot with the keyboard attached, WiFi, Full screen brightness, and 4G LTE, then you're going to drain the battery faster. The Pencil drains BOTH Pro models battery at a faster rate, but yes (with the bigger screen) the larger device will discharge faster. I imagine they made some improvements to Pencil-to-Pro interaction with the 9.7" because, you know, it's a newer device.
Can I find a direction? Of course - Newer devices get newer tech when appropriate and iPhones get the new tech first because they're flagship products. You want Apples strategy? Here it is: iPhone > iPad > Watch > MacBook > iMac > Mac Pro Mini > Mac Pro. Simplified again? It's all about the CONSUMER.
People complain that "Apple doesn't care about Pros (what ever that means) anymore!"
Absolutely TRUE. Why? Remember Steve's original vision? To bring computer products to the individual. The "computer for the rest of us". That's what Apple is making - computers for people who aren't computer enthusiasts. Admittedly they're for people who can afford it, but still not a huge focus. Even back when Apple was about "Pro Gear", ever since Steve Jobs returned he was trying to bring it to regular people.
So, how can the new MacBook Pro be such a failure and a success at the same time? Computer enthusiasts are balking about it not being an upgrade, but there are plenty of other people buying it. How can that be? Well, because there are consumers outside of people who thought they were Apple's "trusted inner circle".
Lastly, I really don't see how you can say "Microsoft has lost much of it's relevance." Love them or hate them, Microsoft is still HUGELY relevant - they may have lost some of their monopoly, but they still have a near monopoly on desktop/laptop machines, Office is still the standard, Xbox is still a dominant force - the ONLY place they've lost relevance is in the Mobile space - a space I'd argue they never had dominance, just a "presence". In effect, Microsoft has been trying to "break into" mobile since before Mobile was a thing (all the way back to Windows CE). If anything, Microsoft has thrown off the chains of "boring enterprise monopoly" to "hey, we can be cool AND provide enterprise solutions!"