Currently $1 = £0.80Even currency fluctuations dont account for the entire difference in the UK.
...then add 20% tax (included in published UK prices) => £0.96
... M2 MBA "should be" £1151
...Actual M2 MBA pricing $1199 => £1249,
so I make that about an 8.5% "real" mark-up.
November 2020 (M! MBA launch), $1 = £0.75
...then add 20% tax => £0.90
... M1 MBA "should be" £899
...Actual M1 MBA Pricing: $999 => £999
=> 11% mark up.
I'm sure Apple doesn't just take the "spot" value of $ vs £ on launch day - they'll try and guess the average rate over the next 6 months or so (and who knows what their actual strategy is for how and when to transfer money between countries... quantum rocket brain accountancy, I'm sure) so I wouldn't try to call whether the mark up has gone up or down over the last 2 years, but we're looking at a "ball park" real-world mark up of around 10% between US and UK.
Of course, currency exchange isn't the only "cost of doing business" overseas - I've no idea what the import duty situation is on computers, but there are additional regulatory requirements, and the statutory warranty in the UK and EU is far longer & stricter than in the US. Plus there's the small matter of different keyboards (even the UK keyboard is different to the US one & they have to offer a dozen variants for the EU) and local translations of the OS and software (...even in the UK some hard working minion has gone through, put all the missing 'u's in colour and even, I kid you not, changed "Trash" to "Bin" ...)