"Looking successful implies being successful, ..."
Looking successful
implies being successful? When did that happen?
"My wife's surgeon drives a Bentley, parked outside his office."
A surgeon's measure is his dexterity with scalpel and temperament under pressure and in rapidly evolving, changing situations. If all that exists, if he gets patients, then he may one day the able to afford the car. However, having the car does not imply success, at least to me, if I care about the well-being of my loved ones. Not saying this about your particular surgeon, but a trust fund kid could have gotten the Bentley. I would trust presence of experience with that particular surgery, presence of knowledge about that surgery, over presence of a Bentley outside their office.
"He is also exceptionally good at what he does."
That and an exorbitant fee is what (likely) enabled him that purchase. Starting point is being exceptionally good, not ooooh there's a Bentley outside, he's an exceptional surgeon.
A man's measure of success is his work, his standing among peers, not his fame or products on his person or outside his residence and office. By that measure, your plastic surgeon, the other surgeon are peons when compared to Gates or Musk or Buffet. No?
All pandemic long, scientists brawled over how the virus spreads. Droplets! No, aerosols! At the heart of the fight was a teensy error with huge consequences.
www.wired.com
How rich is this woman who helped undo the wonderful (American) screwup? If she is not having a Bentley outside her office or hosting parties in a multi-million dollar home, nah, she ain't as successful as those people.
Measure of success is your work and its value to humanity (whether in cold business transactions or in saving humanity). The products you purchase with the money you earn - that is just your indulgence in creature comforts of the world. They are not your successes. The successes in the case of your surgeon are lives they saved, not the cars they bought or the parties they threw or the cost of their homes. They are just creature comforts. In the end, all that matters is what you gave to the world, what you did in the world.