@dreadone I was messing around with my G5's PCIe configuration today and I was able to reproduce your acceleration issue with an R5 235. Turns out the problem happens when the card is in the x16 slot. Switching it to an x8 slot results in acceleration working fine.
I also put back my USB3 card (lspci reports it as "Renesas Technology Corp. uPD720202 USB 3.0 Host Controller") and it works fine (i can plug in a flash drive and it'll report itself). I don't have that SATA controller, you'll have to figure out yourself what's possibly missing from the kernel and only once you know it can be enabled.
Pretty sure you can't install your Brother printer either way on any Linux, they require proprietary drivers and these are x86 only. At least those available on their website contain x86 binaries.
VLC works fine, but you need to disable hardware decoding (settings->input/codecs->disable hardware-accelerated decoding). Hardware decoding with vdpau/vaapi and AMD cards is broken on big endian systems, that's not Void specific either. Smplayer also works fine, it's just a frontend for another player, you should install mpv and set that as the backend. Otherwise it will use mplayer. Mplayer likewise works fine, if it doesn't resize it's using a video output engine that's not capable of resizing, so you'd need to switch to something that can, e.g. xv or opengl.