Having fun learning some Calendar stuff (based on the liturgical calendar), such as the Dominical Letter, or the epact (to calculate Easter based on the moon difference and the Golden Number).
The Domincal letter (A,B,C,D,E,F,G) determines which days of the calendar are Sundays, and it's derived by the first Sunday of the year. First Sunday of 2021 was January 3rd, which means that January 3rd is assigned the letter A. Monday is assigned B, Tuesday C and so on. It's easy then to derive the first day of each month. In January, the first was a Friday, which is assigned F. February 1st was a Monday, which is assigned a B. The sequence of the 1st day of each of the 12 months of the year 2021 is therefore FBBEGCEADFBD and it's easy to create a mnemonic from this. Considering that the 1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd, and 29th days of the months are the same, it's easy to extrapolate the day of the week for any given date. To calculate August 4th, I'd use the mnemonic to arrive to the dominical letter A (Sunday) which means the first day of the month was a Sunday. Add 3 days and you get to the 4th (Wednesday).
The Golden Number is to take into account the difference in moon vs. earth days in a year. The golden number is used to calculate Easter together with the Epact and other stuff based on the 19 year cycle. Calculating the Golden Number is easy: Current Year MOD 19 +1. So this year: 2021 MOD 19 + 1 = 8. (2021 divided by 19, take the reminder and add 1).
The Epact is way more complex. The epact is the difference in days between the Moon year and Earth's year. An earth day is 365 days and a moon year is 11 days shorter on the first year, which means that on the second year the difference is 22 days and so on, repeating cyclically every 19 years. The epact is calculated in a tabular format and I am not grasping it fully yet.
I am also having some fun with the Julian calendars, in particular with Kalends, Nones, and Ides.