Why should something printed in the US be a lot more expensive than something printed in China?
My point was not about the printing industry, it was about the industry in general.
However to answer your question: because of manpower, equipment, environment and materials.
American and European printing companies
1) Have high skilled workers - to minimize waste and maximize productivity
2) Invest in state of the art equipment - to minimize waste and maximize productivity
3) Are subjected to strong environmental laws - chemical waste disposal is very expensive
4) Are obliged to source (more) ecologic paper stock and inks
Asian (and African) printing companies
1)Skim on talent - high skilled workers are difficult to find but general manpower is cheap.
2) Use very old Western, or cheap local made equipment - waste doesn't matter as much, imported equipment which is not legally/ecologically/economically operable any longer overseas, sometimes up to 50 years old, often highly modificated, breaks down a lot but technicians are cheap.
3) Nobody cares about environment - old technology like CTF are extremely dirty for the environment and have been phased out from the Western press floor since 20-odd years. Inks based on toxic materials. Most of the Asian companies still use them.
4) Paper made from non-sustainable trees, illegal lodged wood stock or dirty waste paper, bleached with highly toxic agents in Asian companies (apply (1)/(2)/(3) once more)
If you need to print a decent amount of copies where lead time before distribution isn't the major factor, printing in Asia is financially lucrative. Sad but true.