That's how standards work. Whenever a standard is needed, all the companies involved get together, they all sign a paper that they will tell about any related patents they have (Rambus managed to pull a fast in by _not_ telling about patents in a standard, which caused some lawsuits that have been going on for many years, and still no end in sight), and then they negotiate that everyone has to make their patents available under certain terms that are acceptable for everyone. If someone doesn't agree, then the standard will be changed so that the patent isn't needed.
That's how it has to work, because otherwise you would never get any standard going. It works because all these companies are not primarily interested in patent revenues, but in making money from selling products. If Nokia had said "we will keep our patents and try to get as much money as possible", then there would be no standard, or a standard that doesn't use those patents, either way the consumer would be hurt by not having standards, and Nokia and everyone else would be hurt by selling fewer phones.
Not quite. A standard can very much be developed by a single corporation, and then ultimately accepted as the universal standard by others. Thus, even though it becomes the "standard" that everyone uses, the original developer of said standard can still receive royalties.
Sony is a perfect example of this: they continuously try to push a "standard" that they develop to be the universally accepted implementation, as ultimately it means they will continuously receive royalties as a result. That's why the fact that Blu-ray came to be the "standard" high-definition format was such a huge victory for them, since everyone is now paying them royalties to be able to build Blu-ray drives, etc.
Standards have a huge, encompassing definition. The only time where a standard is usually "free" for anyone to implement is if it is released or approved by an organization whose purpose is just that. Think the likes of the IEEE or JEDEC.
Also, Rambus didn't "hide" patents. They were trying to push their memory interface to be the standard, but when JEDEC wanted them to agree to a licensing structure that was free and reasonable, Rambus didn't agree and withdrew. They had shared some of the information regarding their proprietary memory interface with certain manufacturers under secrecy, and many didn't want to see any licensing costs going to Rambus.
Rambus took some of the freely-available technical data on what JEDEC was considering for future implementation, and patented it. Thus, when a lot of that technical data resulted in the formats such as SDRAM and DDR RAM, Rambus came after all of the memory manufacturers, claiming that they were in violation of the patents they had registered.
Some settled quickly, some fought it, and as far as I know, some of the lawsuits are still going on, almost a decade later, because the source of blame keeps flipping. Some courts have sided with the other memory manufacturers, saying Rambus is guilty of both fraud and anti-competitive practices. Other courts have sided with Rambus, saying their patents have been violated. It's a huge, huge mess that likely still won't be cleaned up any time soon.
Ultimately though, most "standards" usually incorporate numerous patents, and usually the standards body controlling the standard has to get those companies to either waive their licensing fees, or agree to a reasonable and non-discriminatory licensing structure. Giving that most other companies, including cellular companies larger than and smaller than Apple, have agreed to Nokia's terms, it doesn't really sound like the rates are that outrageous.
So it comes down to two things:
* did Nokia try to change the rates in regards to Apple? Possibly, but I find it hard to believe, as they would have agreed to a fixed licensing structure at the time the standard was finalized. Thus, Nokia would have to know that trying to increase the licensing would not hold up in court.
* Apple felt that it deserved a lower rate, or because it is now part of a standard, they shouldn't have to pay at all.
It's funny to see people so blindly defending Apple without any knowledge of the facts (and if it is revealed that Nokia is at fault, Apple should be defended. But right now, we don't quite know where to direct the blame). Remember, the whole reason that Firewire never took off was because of Apple's large royalty request (as well as the cost of the hardware itself). It was certified by the IEEE, but USB ultimately "won".