Multiple countries require a smartphone app for e-governance authentication. Tanax 's example of BankID is just one —without it, you do not have Swish and, hence, cash in Sweden. Smartphones were also used for COVID vaccines certificates.A smart phone is not either. A cell phone is. A dumb flip phone is all you NEED in the world. Need here equates to truly needing it like food and water.
Regardless on that point. So the EU doesn’t care about the “exploiting their customers” then.
Another example—which the government faced backlash—was UK's requirement for Android phones the 'Settle In' status that 3 million EU citizens living in Britain needed. The reason for this requirement was that the NFC reader was not accessible on iOS devices.
In Spain, you need a smartphone (with a camera) for various authentication services and meetings with gov. officials.
Smartphones are a must and increasingly so. Even the most stubborn anti-smartphone people I know have now bought one.