Here is a list of Sandy Bridge processors with maximum turbo boost speeds and other specifications.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandy_bridge#Mobile_processors
What Turbo Boost does is effectively overclock the CPU. When only one core is running, it takes the current that would have powered the second core and ramps up the power to the other one, enabling it to run at a higher speed. When both cores are running, it will still overclock, but not as high, since that uses up power and also causes the CPU temperature to rise. The base rated speed (e.g. 1.6GHz - 1.8GHz) is the highest speed that it is rated to run with all cores running at its maximum temperature. If you run a CPU-intensive operation (such as encoding in Handbrake) and run a program that monitors the CPU speed (e.g. CPU-z in Windows), you'll see that the processor speed fluctuates between the rated speed and the Turbo Boost speed (as well as speeds in between). When idling, it can ratchet down to 800MHz (to save power and reduce heat).
The Intel HD Graphics, Dynamic Frequency, etc. are errors on the website, as the 1.6GHz i5 definitely has an HD 3000, and Dynamic Frequency (that's just "turbo boost" for the GPU).
The VT-d feature would allow programs like Parallels Desktop and VMWare Fusion to grant virtual machines direct access to certain hardware features, but they don't currently support it.